Lactic Acid
Lactic acid is a natural organic acid with a long history of food, leather, wood-dyeing, and cosmetic industries. From a long time, lactic acid became commercially available. It was formed by natural fermentation in products such as cheese, yogurt, soy sauce, meat products, pickled vegetables, beer, and wine. Animal and human bodies also produce a significant amount of lactic acid during daily activities such as walking and running. Today, lactic acid and its salts like calcium lactate and sodium lactate are extensively used in food, cosmetic, and pharmaceutical industries. In LENA Natural and Clean Label Solutions (Europe) GmbH lactic acid, calcium lactate, and sodium lactate are available as per different pharma standards and specifications.
Specifications
Lactic acid (2-hydroxypropionic acid), CH3-CHOH COOH, is the most widely occurring hydroxycarboxylic acid, having a prime position due to its versatile applications in food, pharmaceutical, cosmetic, textile, leather, and chemical industries.
Lactic acid is miscible with water or ethanol and is hygroscopic in nature. In animals, L-lactate is constantly produced from pyruvate by the enzyme lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) during normal metabolism and exercise. Its concentration does not increase until the rate of lactate production exceeds the rate of lactate removal. This equilibrium is governed by a number of factors, including monocarboxylate transporters, concentration along with isoform of LDH, and oxidative capacity of the tissues. The concentration of blood lactate is usually 1–2 mmol/L at rest, but can rise over 20 mmol/L during intense exertion.
Production
The carbon source for microbial production of lactic acid can be either sugar in the pure form such as glucose, sucrose, lactose etc. or sugar-containing materials such as molasses, whey, sugarcane bagasse, cassava bagasse, starchy materials from potato, tapioca, wheat, barley, and carrot. The economics of production of lactic acid and its derivatives is dependent on many factors of which the cost of raw material is very significant.
Some agricultural by-products that are potential substrates for lactic acid production are corn starch, cassava starch, lignocelluloses, hemicelluloses hydrolysates, cottonseed hulls, Jerusalem artichokes, corn cob, corn stalks, beet molasses, wheat bran, rye flour, sweet sorghum, sugarcane press mud, cassava, barley starch, cellulose, carrot processing waste, molasses spent wash, corn fiber Hydrolysates, and potato starch.
Many starch-degrading Lactobacillus spp., can be used for the one-step lactic acid production. The starch-degrading Lactobacillus spp. are L. amylophilus, L. amylovorus, amylolytic strains of L. plantarum, and L. amylolyticus. Semi-solid-state fermentation is adopted in the case of certain amylolytic bacteria because they prefer to grow at higher moisture level.
There are several issues that need to be addressed for the biotechnological production of lactic acid, such as the development of high-performance, lactic acid-producing microorganisms and the lowering of the costs of raw materials and fermentation processes.
Applications
Different Salts of available Lactic acid
Fermentation of glucose (obtained from corn or soybean or potato) will be performed with the help of Lactobacillus strain produces crude lactic acid. Crude lactic acid is neutralized with respective mineral salt to produce Lactates. The lactate is further regenerated by acidification, filtration, concentration, and decolorization.
Calcium Lactate has significant advantages over other calcium salts including low toxicity, better palatability with texture, higher stability and low astringency. Calcium is an essential element of tissues and blood which contains approximately 10 mg/ 100 mL. The average daily requirement of calcium is 500 mg. however, larger amounts are necessary during the periods of growth, pregnancy, and lactation. Inadequate calcium leads to rickets and imperfect calcification of bones and teeth.
Calcium carbonate is applied for neutralization of lactic acid for producing Calcium Lactate. It has high solubility and bio-availability. Therefore, it is a preferred choice in calcium deficiency therapies. Calcium Lactate is available in both powdered and granular forms.
In the pharmaceutical (Human medication) industry
It is an excellent calcium source for human pharma industry for preparing tablets for calcium therapy such as:
In the veterinary pharmaceutical industry
In the food industry
LENA Natural and Clean Label Solutions (Europe) GmbH offers a unique Calcium salt of lactic acid produced from organic raw materials fermentation is called Cheese Lactate. It has basic material of Calcium Lactate derived from organic sources with certifications from many authorities in the world like the Indian organic certifying agencies and OMRI of USA for the first time in the world. This organic salt is widely used all over the world for the production of cheese and other allied milk proteins.
Sodium has a major role in maintaining cell integrity along with potassium. Sodium maintains the proper muscle and nerve functions. Low sodium levels develop hyponatremia condition with symptoms like muscle cramps, headache, restlessness, nausea, fatigue, confusion, hallucinations, decreased consciousness, and coma. Therefore, balanced levels of sodium are mandatory for life processes. All feed supplements need to be balanced with sodium addition for making a complete diet.
Advantages:
Potassium Lactate is administered in all cases of potassium deficiency and when there is a danger of potassium depletion. Potassium depletion may be caused by diabetic acidosis, diarrhea, vomiting etc., potassium chloride is also used, but Potassium Lactate is preferred because of its slightly mild saline taste.
Based on market requirements, the company can supply any individual mineral lactate salt or in combinations as per customer requirements for Pharma, Food, Veterinary, and Agricultural segments.
The type of packaging can be changed upon request according to customer requirements.
These products must be stored in a cool, dry environment away from sunlight.
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